Section C
The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be (36)________ and the good land worked (37)________. Thus, each person produces less and this means a (38)________average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more (39) ________ for specialization and the development of (40) ________ such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to (41) ________ them.
One of the difficulties in carrying out a (42) ________ birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth (43) ________ from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, (44)__________________________________ , whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. (45)_______________________________________ . When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, (46)___________________________________________, rather than one which is stable or in decline.
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